Curso de introducción. Astrágalo vertical congénito: protocolo terapéutico
Palabras clave:
Astrágalo Vertical Congénito, Pie Plano, Etiología, Genética, TerapéuticaResumen
El astrágalo vertical congénito es una deformidad infrecuente del pie que se presenta al nacimiento y que se caracteriza por un pie plano rígido asociado a una luxación irreductible del escafoides sobre el astrágalo, que puede tener grados variables de rigidez. Esta deformidad, de no ser tratada, produce dolor e incapacidad funcional para la marcha. El diagnóstico es clínico y se confirma mediante estudios radiográficos, principalmente dinámicos, que demuestran la irreductibilidad de la luxación de la articulación astrágalo-escafoidea. Por la gran diversidad de factores etiológicos capaces de producir la deformidad, por la rigidez y la complejidad de los cambios morfo-mecánicos, se han diseñado a lo largo de la historia gran cantidad de tratamientos, la mayoría de ellos con resultados reportados como aceptables en series de casos de revisiones retrospectivas con escasa cantidad de pacientes. Se propone un protocolo de tratamiento racional, enfocado a grupos de edad en los cuales la deformidad, asociada a deformación ósea adaptativa, se estructura progresivamente y que puede proporcionar resultados más favorables a largo plazo, cuando están indicadas las cirugías extensas.
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