Reemplazo de hombro ambulatorio: Presentación de protocolo perioperatorio y resultados iniciales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccot.2021.06.002Palabras clave:
artroplastia de hombro, cirugía ambulatoria, bombas de infusión elastomérica, nivel de evidencia: IVResumen
Introducción: El reemplazo de hombro es efectivo para mejorar el dolor y la funcionalidad en patologías crónicas del hombro. Considerando los riesgos y costos asociados a la estancia hospitalaria, realizar este procedimiento de forma ambulatoria surge como una opción para optimizar esta estrategia terapéutica.
Materiales & Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo prospective de pacientes operados por un mismo cirujano con artroplastia de hombro ambulatoria (RHA) utilizando analgesia regional con bomba de infusión elastomérica. Se registraron las escalas de ASES y SANE, el dolor, la satisfacción del paciente, las complicaciones y reingresos a 90 días.
Resultados: Se intervinieron 10 pacientes de un promedio de edad de 59.6 (±3.9) años, siendo el 40% prótesis anatómicas, 50% reversas y 10% hemiartroplastia. Al cuarto día postoperatorio el dolor por EVA fue 1,3 (±0,62) y al décimo día 2,7 (±1,1). La puntuación SANE antes del procedimiento fue de 31 (±9,7), y 90 días después fue de 76,1 (±6,8). Todos los pacientes refirieron una alta satisfacción. Un paciente al 3er día presentó un episodio de broncoespasmo leve, tratado de forma ambulatoria. Un paciente presentó una infección superficial que mejoró completamente con el antibiótico oral. No se presentaron reingresos o consultas a urgencias a 90 días.
Discusión: Se presentan los desenlaces a corto plazo de la primera serie de casos en nuestro medio de RH ambulatorio. Este procedimiento puede ser realizado de forma segura, siguiendo un protocolo estandarizado y realizando una juiciosa selección de los pacientes.
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