Effect in the postoperative transfusion of patients with knee arthroplasty using a single dose of preoperative tranexamic acid in the HUCSR year 2010 to 2016
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccot.2020.06.014Keywords:
knee, arthroplasty, blood transfusion, tranexamic acidAbstract
Background: Postoperative transfusion is a common complication of knee arthroplasty. Tranexamic acid has shown efficacy in reducing the probability of bleeding, however, there are few studies on the subject. The aims of the study are: 1) To compare the effect of a single dose of 1 g of preoperative tranexamic acid on the transfusion rate in patients who underwent knee arthroplasty between January 2010 and December 2016. 2) Characterize the population of patients who underwent knee arthroplasty. 3) Determine blood transfusion rate in study groups. 4) Determine risk factors for blood transfusion in patients with knee arthroplasty.
Methods: A descriptive observational study of a retrospective analytical cross section type was performed.
Results: Group transfusion rate without TA = 15.2%, group transfusion rate with TA = 1.2%. The blood loss and the surgical time did not show statistically significant differences between the groups (p >0.05). The following are considered risk factors: anticoagulation (OR: 3.52; 95%CI 1.28-9.65), chronic renal failure (OR: 5.91; 95%CI 1.11-31.27) and rheumatoid arthritis (OR: 55.83; 95%CI 18.34-169.91).
Discussion: According to logistic regression, the amount of blood lost and administration of the TA can predict with a 97.5% accuracy the probability of transfusion in the presence of rheumatoid arthritis. Blood loss greater than 400 cc significantly increases the probability of transfusion when TA is not administered. The use of preoperative TA is effective in reducing the rate of blood transfusion in patients who undergo ATR
Evidence Level: III
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