Cirugía de aumento para roturas parciales del ligamento cruzado anterior. Serie de casos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccot.2016.10.008Palabras clave:
ligamento cruzado anterior, aumento, roturaResumen
Introducción: Las roturas del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) son cada vez más frecuentes y no es raro encontrar pacientes con roturas parciales. Teniendo en cuenta que no hay nada mejor que un ligamento originario, aún no está claro si es útil preservar el haz íntegro del LCA o reconstruir solo el lesionado.
Materiales y métodos: La cohorte prospectiva descriptiva incluyó a pacientes con cirugía de aumento del LCA entre 2008 y 2012 en el Hospital de San José de Bogotá. Se excluyó a aquellos pacientes con patología asociada en cualquier rodilla, con enfermedad inflamatoria articular de base y con artrosis moderada. Se realizó un seguimiento a 2 años postoperatorios con pruebas clínicas y funcionales.
Resultados: Once pacientes incluidos, con una media de edad de 36 años finalizaron el seguimiento. La mayoría eran hombres (8/11). El haz comprometido y el autoinjerto utilizado fueron en el 100% de los casos el posterolateral y hueso-tendón rotuliano-hueso, respectivamente. En la exploración física hubo mejoras en cuanto a las pruebas de Lachman, de desplazamiento del pivote y en el KT-1000. En la escala funcional KOOS (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) se encontraron mejores puntuaciones medias en las categorías de funcionamiento en actividades cotidianas (87) y dolor (78).
Discusión: El aumento del ligamento cruzado anterior a medio plazo (2 años)ofrece resultados favorables, tanto clínicos como funcionales, similares a los resultados de reconstrucción estándar reportados en la bibliografía.
Nivel de evidencia clínica: Nivel IV.
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