Autologous chondrocytes implant with regenerative potential on joint injuries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccot.2015.10.004Keywords:
articular injuries, chondrocyte, implantationAbstract
Articular cartilage injuries are one of the major causes of care in health systems, becoming a real public health problem, especially in countries where life expectancy and consequently joint pathology have increased. Articular cartilage is a highly specialized tissue that covers the articular surfaces of the bones forming a joint. The only cell type within cartilage is the chondrocyte, which is a highly differentiated cell that has a limited capacity for proliferation and migration; in addition the chondrocyte lacks a blood, nerve and lymph supply, and therefore has poor repair potential. Articular cartilage injuries usually lead to progressive joint degeneration. Despite the great advances in basic science, tissue engineering and gene therapy these lesions remain being a complex problem, because currently there is no treatment that achieves satisfactory outcomes at medium and long term. Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a promising and effective treatment option for the management of hyaline cartilage injuries with a long-lasting good functional outcomes compared with other treatment options. The obtainment and expansion of human chondrocytes are the initial procedures for the subsequent ACI, which will provide a source of joint replacement avoiding the disability that causes chondral damage.
Evidence level: IV.
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