Bone xanthoma in a young patient: Case report

Abstract

Intraosseous xanthomas are expandable lytic lesions composed of lipid-laden his- tiocytes. They are usually secondary to endocrine or metabolic diseases or as an incidental finding in a pathological fracture not associated with systemic diseases. In the latter case it is called primary intraosseous xanthoma. We describe the case of a 32-year-old woman with a 4-month history of pain in the right hip, with images and biopsy of the right intertrochanteric area, compatible with a residual simple bone cyst. Intralesional treatment was performed with demineralized bone matrix filling, segmental fibular allograft and osteosynthesis with surgical pathology that reported bone xanthogranuloma in a patient with normal cholesterol levels with adequate disease control, consolidation, and functional recovery. We present this report given the low incidence of this pathology and the differential diagnoses are discussed.